Dr. Guilherme Herzog Neto discusses his experience treating 15 patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis. There are a variety of periorbital surgical procedures to correct eyelid deformities associated with this chronic, progressive, genetic condition. Usually surgery is palliative, not curative, however, results can be considered satisfactory in some cases, especially when the orbital shape is preserved and the eyelid structure has not been excessively altered by the disease. In all other cases, the cosmetic outcome is inferior to the patient's and parents' expectations.