Dr. Glasser discusses 4 emerging tools for diagnosis and management of dry-eye disease: tear osmolarity, serum biomarkers, lid heat and pressure, and intense pulsed light. Although diagnosis can be made with combination of traditional tests such as patient history, slit lamp, and staining, newer tools can contribute to the diagnosis of dry eye. In particular, serum biomarkers salivary protein 1 (SP-1) and carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6) can help to diagnose patients with primary Sjögren syndrome.