This video covers all aspects of the management of diabetic retinopathy that will assist a vitreoretinal surgeon in evidence-based decision-making, including indication, timing of surgery, use of pharmacological adjuvants, lens management, choice of vitrectomy gauge, membrane dissection, bimanual surgery, and use of a tamponade. The role of vitrectomy in diabetic macular edema and the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor administration before surgery is discussed.