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    Permanent Punctal Closure with Slit-Lamp 532-nm Diode Laser

    By Charles D. Rice, MD
    AAO 2014
    Cornea/External Disease, Dry Eye

    This video describes the effectiveness of permanent punctal closure with the slit-lamp diode laser. Twenty-four patients who had extrusion or inability to tolerate punctal plugs underwent permanent closure. The punctum was marked with gentian violet that served as a target chromophore for the 532-nm diode laser. The success rate of closure was 49 of 54 (90%) puncta and defined as complete or pinpoint closure. Silicone plugs have a high rate of extrusion, and repeated insertions add to the expense of treating dry-eye disease. Thermal cautery is effective, but lacks precision. Argon laser treatments are ineffective due to the inability to create a thermal injury. The slit-lamp diode laser is a precise, rapid, reproducible, and effective method for permanent punctal closure.