In this keynote speech at the Refractive Surgery Subspecialty Day, Dr. William Dupps discusses leveraging biomechanics to improve the future of corneal and refractive surgery by enhancing preoperative screening and allowing virtual prediction of mechanical and optical outcomes. Because surgeons cannot leverage patient-specific structural features, nomograms for new treatments, combined treatments, and retreatments are still unavailable, leaving a gap between highly precise workup and treatment. Dr. Dupps expects continuing research on corneal biomechanics—particularly the advent of computational models—to fill those gaps. Simulation-based medicine, including virtual individual trials, could open the door to a number of clinical advances that are both highly personalized and exceptionally precise, such as the ability to perform case-specific modifications of cross-linking treatment patterns for keratoconus.