2020–2021 BCSC Basic and Clinical Science Course™
8 External Disease and Cornea
Chapter 11: Diagnosis and Management of Immune-Related Disorders of the External Eye
Highlights
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In the acute phase of Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, early intervention in severe cases with an amniotic membrane transplant of the entire ocular surface, including the eyelid margins, is very helpful.
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Signs of mucous membrane pemphigoid include trichiasis and subepithelial conjunctival fibrosis, indicated by the presence of gray-white linear scarring of the forniceal conjunctiva. Conjunctival biopsy may be helpful to confirm the diagnosis.
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Early recognition of the signs and symptoms of Cogan syndrome and timely systemic treatment may prevent irreversible hearing loss and death.
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Patients with necrotizing keratitis, scleritis, and/or peripheral ulcerative keratitis have a significant risk of underlying collagen vascular disease; thus, systemic evaluation and workup are important.
See BCSC Section 9, Uveitis and Ocular Inflammation, for discussion of the principles of immunology.
Excerpted from BCSC 2020-2021 series: Section 10 - Glaucoma. For more information and to purchase the entire series, please visit https://www.aao.org/bcsc.