2020–2021 BCSC Basic and Clinical Science Course™
6 Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Part II: Pediatric Ophthalmology
Chapter 22: Pediatric Glaucomas
Secondary Childhood Glaucoma
Glaucoma caused by other ocular anomalies (congenital or acquired) or associated with systemic disease or syndromes is considered secondary. Table 22-3 lists nonacquired ocular anomalies and systemic diseases and syndromes associated with secondary glaucoma.
Secondary Glaucoma Associated With an Acquired Condition
In children, as in adults, glaucoma may develop secondary to corticosteroid use, uveitis, infection, or ocular trauma. The anticonvulsant and antidepressant medication topiramate can cause acute, usually bilateral, angle-closure glaucoma secondary to ciliary effusion. The ciliochoroidal effusion causes relaxation of zonules, resulting in extreme anterior displacement of the lens–iris complex, which leads to secondary angle-closure glaucoma and high myopia. Peripheral iridectomy is not effective as treatment, but timely cessation of the medication is.
Table 22-3 Nonacquired Conditions Associated With Secondary Glaucoma
Excerpted from BCSC 2020-2021 series: Section 10 - Glaucoma. For more information and to purchase the entire series, please visit https://www.aao.org/bcsc.