Conjunctival papillomas are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In children, the lesions are typically manifestations of an infection acquired during delivery. In adults, conjunctival papillomas are most likely venereal and are often associated with anogenital lesions. Papillomas due to HPV more frequently progress to malignancy in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 have been identified in benign and malignant conjunctival lesions using various antigen and DNA detection techniques.