Academy ethics guidelines on conflict of interest. Comprehensive overview including: case studies, ethics statements, articles, and additional resources.

The Code of Ethics of the American Academy of Ophthalmology applies to the American Academy of Ophthalmology and to its Fellows and Members in any class of membership, and is enforceable by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Advisory Opinion of the Code of ethics on disclosure of professionally related commercial relationships and interests.

Advisory Opinion of the Code of Ethics on ethical obligations in managed health care.

Ask the Ethicist, an ethics case study about the ethical dimensions in femtosecond cataract surgery including: competence, informed consent, preoperative assessment, and conflicts of interest.

EyeNet article addressing ethical issues with industry and the medical profession setting stricter ethical standards for physician-industry relationships.

Code of Ethics, pertinent principles and rules relating to conflict of interest.

EyeNet article, ethical considerations in disclosing conflicts of interests to mitigate bias in medical educational activities.

Ask the Ethicist, an ethics case study about conflicts of interests that may be present if when a physician recommends treatments using devices or drugs manufactured by a company in which he or she has substantial stock ownership.