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    • Museum of the Eye /
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  • Art Education

    Sections
    • Art + Vision: Seeing in 3-D
    • Eye Diagram
    • How Do You See?
    • How Does the Eye Focus?
    • Binocular Vision
    • Activity: Name the Parts of the Eye
    • Experiment: Different Views
    • Experiment: Hole In Your Hand
    • Size Scaling
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    • Activity: Measuring Size Scaling
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    • Activity: Still Life Drawing
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    • Activity: Atmospheric Perspective Painting
    • Linear Perspective
    • Activity: Linear Perspective Drawing
    • Activity: Perspective Drawing Expanded
  • Art + Vision: Seeing in 3-D

    • Sep 22, 2017

    Have you ever wondered how artists create a convincing illusion of depth in their paintings and drawings? You might think it's because of their outstanding talent, but you would only be partly right. Early in the 15th century, artists developed special visual techniques that helped them make a flat surface appear to have depth. Let's explore how they do it and learn the connection between art and vision science.

    1. Increase Your Eye Q
    2. Size Scaling
    3. Overlapping
    4. Atmospheric Perspective
    5. Linear Perspective
    Back to top of page

    Increase Your Eye Q

    Vision is a complex sense. The eyes are the entry to a multilayered visual system that processes millions of bits of information every second. In fact, seventy percent of the body’s sense receptors are found in the eyes.

    Humans see the world with two eyes. This is called binocular vision. However, since our eyes are about two inches apart, each eye sees a slightly different view. Our brain combines the views together forming a 3-D picture. Let’s take a closer look.

    Key Concepts:

    • Eye Diagram
    • How Do You See?
    • How Does The Eye Focus?
    • What is Depth?
    Activities:
    • Can You Name The Parts Of The Eye?
    • Different Views
    • The Hole In Your Hand

    Back to top of page

    Size Scaling

    When you look at a scene in a painting or in the world around you, you'll notice that nearby objects look bigger than objects that are farther away. For example, in a parking lot the car you're standing next to will appear bigger than a similar car across the way. If the cars are basically the same size normally, what’s going on? 

    Key Concepts:

    • What Is Size Scaling?
    Experiments:
    • Exploring Size Scaling
    • Measuring Size Scaling

    Back to top of page

    Overlapping

    Overlapping is a technique used by artists to tell us where an object is in relation to other objects. How does that work? Let’s take a closer look.

    Key Concepts:

    • Overlapping
    Activity:
    • Still Life Drawing with Overlapping

    Back to top of page

    Atmospheric Perspective

    When you view something in the far distance like a mountain or building, the atmosphere – a mixture of dust and moisture in the air – changes how it looks. Up close they look clear and crisp, but from far away they are less distinct. How can we use that to create depth?

    Key Concepts:

    • Atmospheric Perspective
    Activities:
    • Create Atmospheric Perspective

    Back to top of page

    Linear Perspective

    Linear perspective uses simple lines to make you believe your seeing something in 3-D. How does that work? Let’s take a closer look.

    Key Concepts:

    • One-Point Linear Perspective
    Activities:
    • Draw Train Tracks in Perspective
    • Add In the Works: Size Scaling, Overlapping, and Atmospheric Perspective

    Back to top of page

    Next

    Eye Diagram

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