An 83-year-old is referred by her ophthalmologist for increasing vertical diplopia worse at near.

In this webinar presentation from AAPOS, Drs.El-Dairi, Repka, Heidary, Liu, and Wong present new indications in the diagnosis and management of pediatric neuro-ophthalmic disorders.

Investigators used pediatric-specific standards to examine the influence of body measurements and sexual maturation on the development of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), and found a surprising result.

Advances in neuroradiologic techniques have aided in the evaluation of neuro-ophthalmologic conditions, in particular the use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cross-sectional imaging techniques for the brain and orbits to aid in patient-specific and disease-specific diagnosis are available .

Visual evoked potentials (VEPs), also known as visual evoked cortical potentials (VECPs) or visual evoked responses (VERs), are signals extracted from the electroencephalographic activity of the visual cortex in response to visual stimuli. The VEP is an evaluation of the entire visual system from the retina through the primary visual cortex

Weekly case challenge

The etiology of morning glory disc anomaly is poorly understood. There are some similarities to optic disc coloboma with interference in the closure of the posterior aspect of the fetal fissure; thus the morning glory disc is sometimes misdiagnosed as an optic nerve coloboma.

Children may present to the ophthalmologist with visual complaints not readily explained by objective examination. The vast majority of these symptoms reflect benign entities, but could also signal migraine or a more ominous psychiatric disease or intracranial pathology.

Aicardi syndrome (AS) is a triad of features: agenesis of corpus callosum, chorioretinal lacunae, and infantile spasms. The etiology of Aicardi syndrome is unknown; however, the disorder is almost always seen in females and is thought to be a de novo mutation on the X-chromosome with hemizygous lethality in males.