Demyelinating optic neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve; it may be part of a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or associated with a systemic demyelinating disease. The clinical presentation and neuroimaging must exclude demyelinating diseases such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, and neuromyelitis optica to be classified as CIS.

Ocular motor research in the past half-century has produced remarkable advances in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the several types of nystagmus seen in infancy and childhood. Research results to better enable the clinician to make accurate diagnoses and provide safe and effective treatment are discussed in this chapter.

An 83-year-old is referred by her ophthalmologist for increasing vertical diplopia worse at near.

In this webinar presentation from AAPOS, Drs.El-Dairi, Repka, Heidary, Liu, and Wong present new indications in the diagnosis and management of pediatric neuro-ophthalmic disorders.

Investigators used pediatric-specific standards to examine the influence of body measurements and sexual maturation on the development of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), and found a surprising result.

Advances in neuroradiologic techniques have aided in the evaluation of neuro-ophthalmologic conditions, in particular the use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cross-sectional imaging techniques for the brain and orbits to aid in patient-specific and disease-specific diagnosis are available .

Visual evoked potentials (VEPs), also known as visual evoked cortical potentials (VECPs) or visual evoked responses (VERs), are signals extracted from the electroencephalographic activity of the visual cortex in response to visual stimuli. The VEP is an evaluation of the entire visual system from the retina through the primary visual cortex

Weekly case challenge

The etiology of morning glory disc anomaly is poorly understood. There are some similarities to optic disc coloboma with interference in the closure of the posterior aspect of the fetal fissure; thus the morning glory disc is sometimes misdiagnosed as an optic nerve coloboma.