2020–2021 BCSC Basic and Clinical Science Course™
7 Oculofacial Plastic and Orbital Surgery
Part I: Orbit
Chapter 8: The Anophthalmic Socket
Highlights
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Enucleation is removal of the entire globe and a segment of the optic nerve after releasing the extraocular muscles from sclera.
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Evisceration is removal of the ocular contents, leaving the sclera and extraocular muscles intact.
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Exenteration is removal of the entire globe and either portions or all of the orbital components.
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The goals of anophthalmic socket surgery include maximizing orbital implant volume; achieving optimal eyelid contour, volume, and tone; establishing a socket lining with deep fornices; transmitting motility from the implant to the overlying prosthesis; and achieving comfort and symmetry.
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Orbital implants may be inert or biointegrated.
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Complications of the anophthalmic socket include superior sulcus defect, conjunctival surface changes, implant exposure, fornix/socket contraction, and eyelid malposition.
Excerpted from BCSC 2020-2021 series: Section 10 - Glaucoma. For more information and to purchase the entire series, please visit https://www.aao.org/bcsc.