2020–2021 BCSC Basic and Clinical Science Course™
12 Retina and Vitreous
Part II: Disorders of the Retina and Vitreous
Chapter 09: Choroidal Disease
Choroidal Perfusion Abnormalities
Increased Venous Pressure
Although rare, choroidal blood flow abnormalities may be related to venous outflow problems, including those caused by dural arteriovenous malformations or carotid-cavernous fistulas (Fig 9-12). Diagnosis of choroidal blood flow abnormalities often requires dyebased angiography, and occasionally a stethoscope (to detect a bruit). These patients should be referred for appropriate medical evaluation.
Excerpted from BCSC 2020-2021 series: Section 10 - Glaucoma. For more information and to purchase the entire series, please visit https://www.aao.org/bcsc.