Basic electroretinogram (ERG) responses as defined by the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision, including the additional “recommended” brighter-flash ERG (DA 10.0). The amplitude and peak times are typical, but normal values must be established for each laboratory using local techniques. See text for further details. a- = a‑wave; b- = b‑wave; DA = dark-adapted; LA = light-adapted; OPs = oscillatory potentials; numbers following abbreviations denote stimulus intensity (in candela-seconds per meter squared).