Laceration or rupture of the globe is one of the most serious ocular injuries. A ruptured or lacerated globe must be identified early and managed appropriately to protect the eye from further damage. Remember that vision may remain excellent despite a full-thickness globe la…

All meibomian orifices open onto the palpebral conjunctiva with anteriorization of the mucocutaneous junction.

Punctal polyps. 30-year-old male patient with complaint of watering in both eyes for one year, off and on.

Episcleritis is a relatively common, benign, self-limited inflammation of the episcleral tissues. There are two forms of this condition: nodular and simple. Nodular episcleritis is characterized by a discrete, elevated area of inflamed episcleral tissue.

Conjunctival papillomas are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In children, the lesions are typically manifestations of an infection acquired during delivery. In adults, conjunctival papillomas are most likely venereal and are often associated with anogeni…

Salzmann’s nodular degeneration SND is a slowly progressive condition in which gray-white to bluish nodules measuring 1-3 mm are seen anterior to Bowman’s layer of the cornea, usually bilaterally. These elevated nodules can be located near the limbus or in the mid-peripheral…

Ectopia lentis (EL) is a major criteria for the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome, it may vary from an asymptomatic mild displacement to a significant subluxation that places the equator of the lens in the pupillary axis. Retroillumination image of ectopia lentis.

The first case of new onset, multifocal epithelial defects as a direct consequence of cetuximab (Erbitux) therapy. This 76-year-old man received cetuximab for squamous cell cancer of the neck and developed multiple distinct bilateral epithelial defects due to EGFR inhibition…

Contact lens-related papillary conjunctivitis (CLAPC).

A 54-year-old male presented with persistent foreign body sensation that was partially relieved with artificial tears eye drops in his right eye. On everting the upper eye lid, confluent concretions of the tarsal conjunctival surface was observed with multiple ones eroding t…

A 9-year-old boy was playing and a wooden stick got stuck into his right orbit causing a 1 cm marginal eyelid laceration, corneo-scleral rupture with uveal prolapse, traumatic cataract, and retinal detachment. Computed tomography showed a foreign body penetrating into the vi…

The uvea consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. The classification of uveitis, established by the SUN (Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature) Working Group, is based on the primary site of inflammation. Anterior uveitis (red) involves the iris and anterior ciliar…

Specular microscopy of living corneal endothelium. Normal endothelium is shown on the left. Note the hexagonal shape of the endothelial cells. The corneal endothelium of a patient with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy is shown on the right. Demonstrated are polymegathism…

Clinical photographs of a patient treated for a unilateral alkali burn with an autograft of limbal epithelium. A, Conjunctivalized cornea of the left eye after unilateral alkali burn. B, Photograph taken 3 months after superior and inferior limbal transplantation from the ri…

Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. A, Note the superior conjunctival injection and staining with lissamine green. B, The staining pattern extends to the superior palpebral conjunctiva, which has a fine, “velvety” papillary reaction as well.

OCT images of OSSN. Clinical and OCT images of OSSN before (A and C) and after (B and D) 4 cycles of topical 5-FU 1% 4 times daily for 1 week, with 3 weeks off between each cycle. C, Note the thickened hyperreflective epithelium (asterisks) with abrupt transition (arrow) fro…

Episcleral pigmentation in a patient with congenital ocular melanocytosis.

Inferior symblepharon is demonstrated in an eye with MMP stage III when the lower eyelid is pulled down with the patient in upgaze.

Tarantula hair keratitis. Note the stromal infiltrate (arrowhead) and tarantula hairs in the anterior stroma (arrow).

Ultrasound biomicroscopy of cyclodialysis. Note that the iris root and ciliary body are pulled away from the sclera.

Mooren ulcer with severe exacerbation. A, Perforation and iris prolapse (arrow). B, Anterior lamellar keratoplasty performed to seal the perforation.

Necrotizing anterior scleritis with inflammation. A, Avascular edematous sclera (arrow) surrounded by inflammation. B, Conjunctival epithelial defects seen with fluorescein stain.

Marginal keratitis with a lucent area, which typically occurs between the infiltrate and the limbus. These are most commonly found where the limbus and eyelid intersect, at 10, 2, 4, and 8 o’clock.

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK). A, PUK associated with rheumatoid arthritis that was treated with systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressive treatment combined with a bandage contact lens and topical antibiotic. B, The same eye 4 years later with the patient contin…

Nodular anterior scleritis. Note the scleral edema within the slit and scleral thinning and loss of normal vascularization inferiorly.